O le faʻavasegaina o uʻamea silicon e masani lava ona faʻavasegaina i mea o loʻo i totonu o mea leaga e tolu o le uʻamea, alumini ma le calcium o loʻo i totonu o le uʻamea uʻamea. E tusa ai ma mea o loʻo i totonu o le uʻamea, alumini ma le calcium i le uʻamea uʻamea, e mafai ona vaevaeina le silicon uʻamea i 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, 1101 ma isi togi eseese.
I totonu o alamanuia, e masani lava ona gaosia le silikoni uʻamea e ala i le faʻaitiitia o le carbon dioxide i totonu o ogaumu eletise. Fa'ata'ita'iga tau vaila'au: SiO2 + 2C → Si + 2CO O le mama o le silikoni gaosia i lenei auala o le 97 ~ 98%, lea e ta'ua o metallic silicon. Ona liusuavai lea ma toe faʻamaʻi, ma aveese mea leaga i le gaʻo e maua ai le silikoni uʻamea ma le mama o 99.7 ~ 99.8%.
O le silikoni uamea e masani lava ona faia i le silikoni, o lea e iai mea tutusa ma le silikoni. Silicon e lua alotropes: silicon amorphous ma tioata tioata. Amorphous silicon o se paʻu efuefu-uliuli ma o le mea moni o se microcrystal. Crystalline silicon o loʻo i ai le fausaga tioata ma mea semiconductor o taimane, mea faʻafefete 1410 ℃, mea faʻafefe 2355 ℃, Mohs maaa 7, malepelepe. Amorphous silicification e malosi ma e mafai ona mu malosi i le okesene. E fegalegaleai ma mea e le o ni uamea e pei o halogens, nitrogen ma carbon i le maualuga o le vevela, ma e mafai foi ona fegalegaleai ma metala e pei o le magnesium, calcium ma le uʻamea e gaosia ai le silicides. Amorphous silicon e toetoe lava a le mafai ona solu i so'o uma inorganic ma organic acids, e aofia ai hydrofluoric acid, ae soluble i acids fefiloi o nitric acid ma hydrofluoric acid. Ole vaifofo ole sodium hydroxide concentrated e mafai ona fa'amavae le silikoni amorphous ma fa'asa'oloto ai le hydrogen. Crystalline silicon e fai si le toaga, e oo lava i le maualuga o le vevela e le tuʻufaʻatasia ma le okesene, e le mafai ona solu i soʻo se inorganic ma organic acids, ae soluble i nitric acid ma hydrofluoric acid mixed acid ma concentrated sodium hydroxide solution.
Taimi meli: Nov-27-2024
